Monday, April 25, 2016

April 25, 2016 - April 29, 2016 Weekly Agenda for 9th Grade English; Research Paper on Mythology; Romeo and Juliet, Act 1

 
Monday, April 25th:

1st Period and 3rd Period: 

Your five bibliography cards were due on Friday, April 22nd. If you have not turned in your five bibliography cards yet, please do so immediately. 

Your fifteen note cards are due today. If you have not turned in your fifteen note cards yet, please make plans to finish them and turn them in today.

DO NOT START YOUR RESEARCH PAPER UNTIL YOU HAVE FINISHED YOUR NOTE CARDS!

If you have any questions, you can also go to:
Hollywoodhighschool.net
Library
Symboloo

Or


Your first draft will be due on Wednesday, April 27th

The Organization of the Research Paper


The first page of your paper should have your name, my name, class period, and the date (day, three letter abbreviation of the month, and the year) in the upper left side of the paper.

The title should be capitalized and in the middle of the first page.

The first paragraph should contain the topic sentence, which tells the reader what the research paper is about. The first paragraph should also contain a very brief, one sentence statement about each area of the subject the research paper will cover. The final sentence in your research paper should provide a transition to the next paragraph.

(DO NOT WRITE “MY RESEARCH PAPER IS ABOUT…..” )

The second paragraph should discuss the origins of the god, the hero, the legend, or the myth. The second paragraph should include either a quotation (which must be cited) or your paraphrase of the quotation (which must be cited) to demonstrate where you got this information.  Every piece of information you write about your subject should be cited.

(Please make sure you do use more than one source for your citations. You should have at least five bibliographic sources, so please use all five of your bibliographic sources.)
The next section of your research paper should be about the family, friends, allies, or enemies of the god, the hero, or the major players in the myth or legends. Again, make sure you cite your sources. There must be at least three pieces of information per paragraph, and there must be citations for each piece of information per paragraph.

The next section of your research paper should be about the area of power of the god, or a story demonstrating some aspect of the hero, or legend, or myth. Again, make sure you cite your sources. There must be at least three pieces of information per paragraph, and there must be citations for each piece of information per paragraph.

The next section of your research paper should be about a story or myth surrounding  the god or hero or legend.  If you are writing about Hercules, you might want to include the Twelve Labours of Hercules. If you are writing about Artemis, you may want to include the myth about her birth. There must be at least three pieces of information per paragraph, and citations for each piece of information per paragraph.

The next section of your research paper should be on another story or myth surrounding the god or hero or legend, which shows her/his power or area of influence or explains why she holds power in that area. For example, Diana was the goddess of midwives because in some legends she was born before Apollo, her twin brother, and assisted her mother Leto in his birth.

The next section of your research paper should be about the importance or significance of your god, hero, legend, or myth. For example, if you are writing about Narcissus, you might want to explore the fact that his name has been given to a personality disorder, the “narcissistic personality disorder”, which describes someone who is self obsessed with power, prestige, and beauty.  This perfectly describes the beautiful youth Narcissus, who was punished for his selfish obsessions by the gods.

The final concluding paragraph should include one brief sentence about each area you discussed in your research paper. There should be no new or additional information introduced in the paper. The final sentence should be a brief overview of the importance of the god, hero, legend, or myth to the ancient Greeks and to people of today.


Structure of the Paragraph

Introductory Paragraph

Topic sentence (what your research paper is about)
A sentence devoted to each of the following areas of your research paper:
1.     the origins of the god, the hero, the myth, or the legend
2.     the family of the god, the hero, or the people involved in the myth
3.     the area of power of the god, the hero, or the people involved in the myth
4.     the stories which demonstrate the power or influence of the god or hero
5.     the importance of the god, the hero, the myth, the legend

A concluding sentence which leads to the next paragraph

Body paragraphs:

A mini-topic sentence, which alerts the reader to the topic of the paragraph
Development of the topic
Information about the topic
Your paraphrase of a quotation from a reliable source to support your information
Citation, which shows where you got the information and will prevent you from being accused of plagiarism!!!
More information about the topic
Your paraphrase of a quotation from a reliable source to support your information
Citation, which shows where you got the information and will prevent you from being accused of plagiarism!
More information about the topic
You can use a quotation but you must cite the source or otherwise, you will be accused of plagiarism and will receive an “F” on the paper, “F” in the class, a rescinding of college scholarships and even a rescinding of acceptance of the school of your dreams, expulsion from college, or firing from your dream job.
Concluding sentence which supplies a transition to the next section of your paper.

Concluding paragraph:

One sentence each to briefly describe each area of your research paper:
One brief sentence to describe the origins
One brief sentence to describe the family, allies, etc.
One brief sentence to describe the power or influence of the god, hero, etc.
One brief sentence regarding the one or two stories of the god, hero, etc.
One brief sentence regarding the enduring importance of the god, hero, myth, or legend.

How to cite:
In-text citations: Author-page style
MLA format follows the author-page method of in-text citation. This means that the author's last name and the page number(s) from which the quotation or paraphrase is taken must appear in the text, and a complete reference should appear on your Works Cited page. The author's name may appear either in the sentence itself or in parentheses following the quotation or paraphrase, but the page number(s) should always appear in the parentheses, not in the text of your sentence.

For example:
Wordsworth stated that Romantic poetry was marked by a "spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings" (263).

Romantic poetry is characterized by the "spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings" (Wordsworth 263).
Wordsworth extensively explored the role of emotion in the creative process (263).


Tuesday, April 26th: 


BIC
1st Period:
Students were told that most are lacking the Argos the Dog essay, and the reading logs for “The Return of the Hero” and “Circe”. They were told they need to turn those three things in today in order to pass the class this grading period with a “C” or better.

Time Line for Students:
Should be finished with your five bibliography cards
Should be finished with your fifteen note cards for your research paper
You should begin writing your first draft of your five to seven paper research paper to turn in by Wednesday at 4 p.m.

3rd Period:
Same!


Wednesday, April 27th: 


1st Period:
Work on the first draft of your research paper.

3rd Period:
Work on the first draft of your research paper.

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Thursday, April 28th:

BIC

1st Period:
Please finish writing your research paper today.
Helpful hints in writing your paper:
Capitalize the first word of each sentence.
Capitalize names
Every sentence must have a subject, a verb and express a complete thought.
Avoid using more than one “and” in a sentence
If you are tempted to write that second “and” – don’t! Write a period and begin a new sentence with a capital letter, a noun, a verb and make sure that the new sentence expresses a complete thought.
Do not fuse sentences together! Put a period or a semi-colon at the end of the first idea or thought; then begin the next sentence with a capitalized word.
You can join two clauses together with a conjunction or fanboy (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so) or a conjunctive adverb (_________; however, ____________. )
Conjunctive adverbs are:
 ;however,
; moreover,
;nevertheless,

Do not begin sentences with who, which, or that
Athena was daughter of Zeus and Metis, who according to one of the legends was swallowed  by Zeus.

Period 3:
Review of sentence structure
Review of MLA format for research paper
Work on research paper
Research paper, bibliography cards and note card are due today!

Friday, April 29th: 
1st Period:
BIC 
8:20 - 9:11
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Romeo and Juliet
Act 1
Page 735 – 744
ROMEO and JULIET
ACT ONE; SCENE 1

The setting is a hot, steamy day (Sunday) in Verona in July.

Puns: a pun is a play on words, or a joke using words that might have similar sounds but different meanings. In the opening scene there are a lot of jokes and puns where Gregory and Sampson are insulting each other good naturedly about their courage, their fighting skills and their skill with the ladies.

Coals
Colliers: people who carry coals.
When you carry coals you get all dirty.
Choler: (collar) a fever
Draw your neck out of the collar: take your neck out of the hangman’s noose!

Maidenhead: virginity

Maid is a young unmarried woman.

Valiant: Brave, courageous

To move: to be moved with passion or emotion; but this has a double meaning: in this case, to run away in fear!

A lot of Romeo and Juliet is NAUGHTY!!!!!

SAMPSON and GREGORY are servants of the house of Capulet. They are full of bluster and brag about what great fighters they are and what they are going to do if they run into the servants of the Montagues. And of course, their jokes quickly become naughty and sexual.

And of course, they do run into the servants of the rival house of the Montagues and both sides engage in cowardly bluster.

Sampson: "My naked weapon is out; quarrel, I will back thee!"

Sampson's line has a rather naughty subtext which you can probably figure out. But consider what Sampson is saying to Gregory - start the fight and I will back you!  These are two bumbling guys. Would you trust either of them to back you in a fight?

Sampson counsels: "Let us take the law of our sides; let them begin."

Gregory brags: " I will frown as I pass by, and let them take it as they list."

Sampson counters with: "Nay, as they dare. I will bite my thumb at them; / Which is a disgrace to them, if they bear it."

Biting one's thumb at someone was a vulgar sign of disrespect and would definitely start a fight.

Abraham and Balthasar from the House of Montague enter, and Sampson, full of bravado, bites his thumb at them.

Abraham bristles and demands: "Do you bite your thumb at us, sir?"

Sampson, playing the lawyer, answers: "I do bite my thumb, sir."

Abraham:" Do you bite your thumb at us,  sir?"

Sampson, now not so certain, turns to his buddy and asks, " Is the law of (on) our side, if I say ay (yes)?"

Gregory gives an unequivocal "No!"

Sampson immediately backpedals and answers: "No, sir, I do not bite my thumb at you, sir, but I bite my thumb, sir."

The tension quickly escalates, the four fools draw their swords - Sampson to Gregory, "Gregory, remember thy swashing blow!" - and the servants fall into fighting. Benvolio, Romeo's cousin and close friend, appears and when he sees yet another street brawl is going on, immediately begs the men to put up their swords, but then Tybalt, from the House of Capulet,  shows up and pulls out his sword and wades into the fight with gusto!  This, in an instant, reveals the personalities of the two men.

A Little Historical Detour on Renaissance Medical Theory:

Lily livered: coward

In the 1600’s the medical community believed humors, which were basically four fluids that were exuded from the organs, caused or affected personalities. The four bodily humors were part of the Shakespearean cosmology inherited from the ancient Greek philosophers Aristotle, Hippocrates and Galen.  The human personality contained one of the basic elements of earth, water, fire and air; the qualities of hot, cold, moist and dry; and a predominance of one of the four humors: black bile, yellow bile, phlegm and blood. Together, each component created a person's personality and governed her or his behavior.

An angry person was one whose spleen produced too much yellow bile (think acid reflux) which caused him or her to be irritable and out of sorts. This person was said to be choleric, which is a term used to this day to describe someone who is irritable and grouchy.

A melancholic person (or depressed person we would say today) would have too much black bile produced by the spleen, making her or him sad or melancholic in nature.

A person whose blood produced a great quantity of fluids was easy going and pleasant – or sanguine, which comes from the Latin word for blood. The sanguine person was also marked by a healthy ruddy (reddish) complexion. In Spanish the word for blood is sangre and in French, it is sang. Both French and Spanish are Latin based languages.

Lily livered: coward
It was believed that courage came from a really healthy red liver. If your liver was pale or white, that meant you were a coward; hence the term “lily livered” or yellow bellied.

Back to Story:

Shakespeare named the character Benvolio to let us know that he is a good or beneficial character in the play.
 Benvolio: Ben means good so Benvolio is a good and peace loving guy. He is Romeo’s best friend. The prefix “bene” or “ben” means good or having good effects.
Examples:
Benevolent: the giving of alms or sustenance to another.
Beneficial: something good

Tybalt: is the name of a cat in a story. In Shakespeare’s time, many people named their cats “Tybalt”. So when Tybalt's name was pronounced on the stage in the 1500's, it probably got a few chuckles from the audience.
Tyrant: a despotic ruler




The brawl is getting more and more out of control as more boys and young men climb into the fray and more people gather to watch.

An elderly man and his much younger wife appear.  They are Lord and Lady Capulet, Juliet's parents. He asks for a sword but she says he should have a crutch instead!

Why does Lady Capulet say to her husband: “Give him a crutch!”

Pair up with a partner, go over the Prince’s speech and translated it into modern, contemporary speech.


Pernicious: a disease that devours and consumes; evil and destructive; a disease that is long standing and resistant to treatment or modification; behavior that is resistant to modification or discipline.

Imagery/metaphor:
Purple fountains issuing from your veins: injuries resulting in tremendous blood loss from sword fights.

Vocabulary:
Civil: domestic; at home
Brawl: fights; melees; free for alls.
Moved: angry; moved to anger
Airy word: some words spoken to provoke another
Thrice: three times

Prince:
If ever you disturb our streets again,
Your lives will pay the forfeit of the peace.

If you ever start another fight in the streets you will pay for it with your lives (the state will execute you for starting a riot.)

Fray: a brawl; a fight

Oxymoron: a rhetorical figure is created by the placing of two contradictory words or ideas together producing a new idea or concept. One example would be “freezer burn”, or “Microsoft Works” (j/k).

After the fighting has cleared away, the Montagues, Romeo's parents, speak to Benvolio who recounts the events of the brawl to them:


Vocabulary:
Adversary: foe, enemy
Drew: to pull his sword from its sheath
Fiery: having the quality of fire; passionate, enraged, quick to anger
Withal: with

Benvolio is making fun of Tybalt when he says:

"The fiery Tybalt, with his sword prepared,
Which, as he breathed defiance to my ears.
He swung about his head and cut the winds,
Who nothing hurt withal hissed him in scorn...."

Although Tybalt was shouting insults to Benvolio and swinging his sword around his head, cutting the air, he hurt no one and the wind hissed him in scorn.  He was making a big show of being tough, but despite all the noise he was making - the insults, the fancy swordplay - he didn't hurt any one and the air mocked him with hissing.

However, the parents are more interested - and worried - about their son, Romeo, and ask Benvolio to tell them if he knows what is bothering him.  Benvolio tells his parents that one morning when his mind was troubled, he went for a walk through town an hour before dawn, and there he saw Romeo by the grove of sycamore trees that grow on the west side of the city. When Romeo saw him he ducked into the grove, obviously not wanting to socialize. Benvolio, judging Romeo's behavior by how he (Benvolio) was feeling - Benvolio also wanted to be alone - didn't pursue him. Benvolio says to Lady Capulet:

Benvolio says to Lady Capulet:
Madam, an hour before the worshiped sun
Peered forth the golden window of the East
A troubled mind drave me to walk abroad
Where, underneath the grove of sycamore
That westward rooteth from the city's side,
So early walking did I see your son:
Towards him I made, but he was ware of me
And stole into the covert of the wood;
I, measuring his affections by my own,
That most are busied when they're most alone
Pursued my humor not pursuing his,
And gladly shunned who gladly fled from me."

 Because Benvolio, a well born youth, is discussing a delicate, rarified subject - another well born youth's depression - to his mother, the language is in blank verse (unrhymed verse in iambic pentameter).  It was believed well into the twentieth century, that the well born, or those of an intellectual, artistic sensibility, were more prone to moods of depression.  The language used in this scene is refined, reflecting that belief that only those of refined temperament could be depressed or melancholic; therefore, Benvolio uses figurative language - allusion, personification and imagery - and blank verse to speak with this aristocratic lady about her depressed son.

Benvolio's monologues is rich with imagery for Shakespeare's word choice (diction) creates vivid images in the readers' mind that she sees the golden sunrise, the early dawn,  the grove of sycamore trees.

Figurative Language:
"An hour before the worshipped sun
Peered forth the golden window of the East..."
Personification: giving human qualities to inanimate objects. The sun is peering through the golden window of the east - or in other words, it's rising.

Vocabulary:
Drave: old fashioned word for drove
Grove: a small group of trees
Sycamore: a type of tree

Romeo's parents are very worried about their son. He's totally emo! He walks alone all night and when the sun rises, he goes home, locks himself in his room, and draws the curtain.  Montague tells Benvolio, his nephew:


Vocabulary:
Augmenting: to add to
Aurora: Roman goddess of the dawn
Sounding: sounded out for what is troubling him. The depths of the water are “sounded out” to determine how deep the water is.

Montague's monologue is also filled with rich imagery, allusion and personification:
"Many a morning hath he there been seen,
With tears augmenting the fresh morning dew  (Romeo is crying.)
Adding to clouds more clouds with his deep sighs: (Like all depressed people he sighs a lot.)
But all so soon as the all cheering sun
Should in the furthest east begin to draw
The shady curtains from Aurora's bed  (The Roman goddess Aurora pulls the curtains from her bed)
Away from the light steals home my heavy son    (Heavy means depressed.)
And private in his chamber pens himself              (Locks himself alone in his room.)
Shuts up his window, locks far daylight out          (Draws the curtains.)
And makes himself an artificial night:                   (Sits in darkness.)

If he were a student today, he'd probably wear black nail polish and dress in black.

The parents ask Benvolio, his cousin and best friend, to find out what is bothering their son.
Lord Capulet is worried that Romeo may be destroyed by his depression before he can grow to full manhood. He says about his son:

"As is the bud bit with an envious worm
Ere he can spread his sweet leaves to air
Or dedicate his beauty to the sun."

This is a simile for two things are compared using "as". Romeo is compared to a flower bud and his depression is compared to an envious worm which will destroy him before he can spread his sweet leaves to the sun.

Ere: (pronounced like "air) Before

The parents ask Benvolio, his cousin and best friend, to find out what is bothering their son.

Romeo is seen walking towards them, and the parents, wanting Benvolio to speak to him, withdraw before he sees them.

When Romeo sees that fighting has occurred he says that the fighting…”Has more to do with love than hate….
They hate each other but they love something else more…they love to FIGHT.

He then launches into a series of OXYMORONS, which is a figure of speech that juxtaposes (places two contrasting words next to each other ) that are contradictory. Some examples are: "old news", "jumbo shrimp", "open secret", etc.

Shakespeare uses oxymorons to reveal a character's ambivalence and/or moral ambiguity about a situation or another character. Romeo says when he notices the remnants of the fight:


Romeo has no love for this street fighting. Romeo confesses to Benvolio that the reason he is depressed is that he is in love with a girl named Rosaline but the love is unrequited (she doesn't love him back).
Like many people who suffer from unrequited love, Romeo implies that his beloved is a follower of Diana (she doesn’t like guys) rather than she just doesn’t like HIM.

Romeo's monologue uses an extended hunting metaphor, which incorporates Cupid, the tiny god of love, who hunts humans with his bow and arrow and once he shoots a human the man or woman falls in love.  In contrast to the tiny god of terror, Cupid, there is Diana,  the goddess of the moon, the hunt the stag, and chastity. Chastity means purity; virginal; abstinence (not having sex).  Her followers were women who rejected the love of men.  Romeo is saying that Rosaline has wrapped herself in Diana's armor of chastity, and from the weak childish arrows from Cupid's bow, she is protected.



"That when she dies with beauty dies her story."
This line refers to the concept of  Carpe diem, which is Latin for "seize the day". Until the twentieth century, people did not, as a rule, live very long. Many children died before their second birthday and the few adults who made it to forty were worn out and to our eyes, prematurely aged. Therefore, poets and lovers of the 1600's urged their reluctant lovers to enjoy life, for all too soon life will be over,  and without children, they will take their gifts to the grave and leave nothing of themselves - their beauty, for example, behind.

Benvolio suggests that the best way to get over an old love is to find a new love (“By giving liberty unto thine eyes, Examine other beauties…”) but Romeo disagrees…
“Show me a mistress that is passing fair; What doth her beauty serve but as a note / Where I may read who passed that passing fair? Romeo takes his leave of Benvolio, but his friend swears he will cure Romeo of his love sickness or die trying.

Period 3:

Background for ROMEO and JULIET
Setting:
Hot Sunday afternoon in Verona, Italy
Sampson and Gregory are servants of the house of the Capulets
Gang War between the Capulets and the Montagues
Benvolio: the cousin of Romeo; he is peace loving and hates to fight; he tries to break up the fight
Tybalt: likes to fight; is of the house of the Capulets
Prince: tries to break up the fight

What is Benvolio trying to do when he encounters the brawl between the servants of the Houses of Capulets and Montagues?
Benvolio is trying to break it up.
What does Tybalt hate?
Peace, Hell, Montagues, and thee – Benvolio
Lynn – points!!!!
But what does he so clearly love?
Fighting
Kristina – points
Why does Lady Capulet tell her husband he needs a crutch, not a sword?
Because he is old!!!
Cooper – half a point
How many fights have there been so far between the Capulets and the Montagues?
“Three civil brawls” 
And what started the fights?
“Borne of an airy word” -
The Prince threatens to do what if there is another street fight between the two houses?
“If every you disturb our streets again,
Your lives shall pay the forfeit of the peace”
What are Romeo’s parents worried about?

According to Lord Capulet, what is Romeo doing?
What emotional state does Romeo say he is in?
Why is he in that emotional state?
What cure does Benvolio suggest for Romeo?








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