CST Preparation

Grammar Homework for the Week of May 7, 2012 – May 11, 2012

Prep for the CSTs

Revising for Parallelism:

HOLT’S HANDBOOK; pages 461 – 462; exercise 6

Subordinate Clauses:

HOLT’S HANDBOOK; pages 99 – 106;

Subordinate Clause: page 100; exercise 1

Adjective Clause: pages 101 – 104; exercises 2 and 3

Adverb Clause: pages 104 – 106; exercise 4

Run-on Sentences:

HOLT HANDBOOK; pages 441 – 443

Exercise 4

Semi-Colons:

HOLT HANDBOOK; pages 296 – 300, exercises 1, 2 and Review A; pages 457 – 458, exercise 4; page 532

Appostives:

HOLT HANDBOOK; pages 89 – 91, exercise 11

Grammar

Exercise 7 on page 91 Handout on NOUN CLAUSES.

This is due on Wednesday, April 27^th.

A predicate is everything that is not the subject. The verb is in the predicate.

Bob knows who broke the window.

BOB IS THE SUBJECT

KNOWS IS THE VERB

PREDICATE: KNOWS WHO BROKE THE WINDOW

RELATIVE PRONOUN: WHO (introduces the noun clause)

The VERB in the NOUN CLAUSE is broke

Predicate Nominative: Window

ANSWER TO NUMBER 1! The noun clause is: WHO BROKE THE WINDOW!!!!!!!

The NOUN CLAUSE is being used as a direct object. (It receives the action of the verb.)

A prepositional phrase begins with a preposition.

Anna is sitting in the chair.

For the Week of March 28, 2011:

How to do the vocabulary homework:

Unit 6 Vocabulary
Write the word; the part of speech; the definition and the short example
Completing the Sentence:
Just write the word
Synonyms:
Write the entire list of words and then write and underline the vocabulary words.
Antonyms:
Same as synonyms!
Choosing the Right Word:
Just write the right word.

Grammer:

HOLT HANDBOOK; adverbial clauses; pages 104 - 106; exercise 4

On the grammar homework:
Write the entire sentence
Underline the adverbial
Circle the subordinate conjunction
Tell how the adverbial phrase is being used.
Whenever we climb Mount Shasta, we are thrilled by the view.
Adverbial clause describes the verb
An adverbial clause is introduced by something called a subordinate coordinating conjunction:
As
As if
As long as
Although
Before
Since
When
The words which follow the subordinate coordinate conjunction are part of the adverbial clause.
The adverbial clause answers the following questions:
When something was done
How it was done
Under what condition
Why it was done
To what extent something was done

1. If you look through newspapers from the first half of the twentieth century, you will see many pictures of Gandhi. (Under what circumstance do you find a picture of Gandhi – if you look through the newspapers!)

This man led India to Independence from Britain, and he took his spinning wheel wherever he went. (The adverbial clauses answers where? Where he would take his spinning wheel? Wherever he went!)

Subordinate and Independent Clauses:

Independent Clauses have the following:

It has a noun.

It has a verb.

It expresses a complete thought.

I set my alarm.

Although I set my alarm.

How you determine what the subject is – you take the verb (in this case it is “set”) and you ask yourself who or what is doing the verb or the action.

Subordinate clause cannot stand alone. It does not express a complete thought or it lacks a noun or a verb.

Subordinate means of lesser importance.

Sentences that begin with these words are subordinate clauses:

Although

Since

That

When

Which

Predicate: is that part of the sentence that has the verb in it. Everything that is not the subject.

The cat walked over to her bowl to eat.

The cat: is the subject

The predicate: walked over to her bowl to eat.

Predicate nominative: is the noun that is in the predicate and that refers back to the subject.

Anna is a charming and delightful student.

Anna is the subject.

Is a charming and delightful student is the predicate.

Student would be the predicate nominative.

This charming and delightful assignment will be due on Thursday, December 2^nd.

Write out the entire sentence, underline the italicized part and then identify if the italicized part is a subordinate clause or independent clause.

Semicolons look like this ;





Semicolons are used to separate independent sentences.
Elizabeth likes cats. She prefers dogs.
DO NOT COMBINE THESE TWO SENTENCES WITH A COMMA BECAUSE YOU WOULD BE COMMITING THE GRIEVOUS SIN OF COMMA SPLICE.

Elizabeth likes cats; she prefers dogs.
Elizabeth likes cats, but she prefers dogs.
Elizabeth likes cats; however, she prefers dogs.

DUE TOMORROW, WEDNESDAY, MAY 5, 2010:
Holt Handbook; pages 296 – 300; exercises 1 and 2 and Review A.
Please follow the directions in the book; in exercise one, write out the correct sentence. In exercise 2 and Review A, just write out the word that preceeds the semicolon and the semicolon.

Grammar Notes for Friday, March 5th:

Sam is an excellent STUDENT in Ms. Bridges’ class.

Sam is the subject.

"...is an excellent student in Ms. Bridges' class...." is the predicate.

STUDENT is the predicate nominative. The predicate nominative is the NOUN in the predicate that refers back to the subject. (It’s also called a complement.)

The following words introduce noun clauses.

That what whatever when whenever where whether who whoever whom whomever why

Noun clauses are subordinate clauses that act as nouns.

NOUN CLAUSES can be used as subjects:

WHAT DANIKA DID TO RESCUE THE SICK CAT was brave.

What Danika did to rescue the sick cat is the subject.

NOUN CLAUSES can be used as predicate nominatives:

The winner of the contest will be the one who gives the best audition.

Winner is the subject.
WHO GIVES THE BEST AUDITION is the predicate nominative.

NOUN CLAUSES can be used as direct objects. (The who or what or whoever usually follows the verb.)

Abby discovered WHAT WAS HIDDEN IN THE TREASURE CHEST.

Discover is the verb.
WHAT is the relative pronoun and immediately follows the verb (what is the thing that was discovered. What receives the action of the verb discover.)

NOUN CLAUSES can be used as indirect objects.

Give WHATEVER PARTS NEED A CLEANING a rinse in detergent.

Give is the verb.
Whatever is the relative pronoun.


NOUN CLAUSES can be used as objects of a preposition.
Here are some prepositions:
At
Below
By
For
Next
On
Over
To
With
But there are many more.

A preposition is anything a kitten can do to a table.
A kitten can run through a table.
A kitten can run under a table.
A kitten can sit on a table.

Raven and Vada walked to the store, through the front door, by Jordan, the security guard, through the store, and out the back door.

Adriana checks the i.d. of whoever visits the class.

Of is the preposition.
Whoever is the relative pronoun.
The noun clause is whoever visits.

Homework assignment: pages 106, 107 and 108 in HOLT’S HANDBOOK. Exercise 5 and Review A; due Tuesday, March 9th.
Please write the complete sentence; underline the noun clause; and then show how it’s being used: subject; predicate nominative; direct object; indirect object; object of the preposition.